How to check CPU temperature in Linux Lite OS ?

To measure temperature of you CPU in Linux Lite you have to install lm-sensors hddtemp:

$ sudo apt install lm-sensors hddtemp

Then run a command:

$ sudo sensors-detect

After that you can just execute the following command:

$ sensors

and receive output:

coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0:  +48.0°C  (high = +87.0°C, crit = +105.0°C)
Core 0:        +43.0°C  (high = +87.0°C, crit = +105.0°C)
Core 1:        +48.0°C  (high = +87.0°C, crit = +105.0°C)

acpitz-virtual-0
Adapter: Virtual device
temp1:        +46.0°C  (crit = +200.0°C)

thinkpad-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
fan1:        2460 RPM